{ "version": 1, "updated": "2026-10-25", "scope": "Dated unfilled labels for nearby polities, confederations and historical groups. Display windows and approximate activity anchors are not exact founding/extinction dates, capitals, borders or population maps.", "sources": { "ne-nmc": { "title": "中国国家博物馆《古代中国》·夏商西周时期", "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/portals/0/web/zt/gudai/detail2.html" }, "ne-shiji110": { "title": "《史记》卷110·匈奴列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記/卷110" }, "ne-shiji115": { "title": "《史记》卷115·朝鲜列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記/卷115" }, "ne-shiji113": { "title": "《史记》卷113·南越列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記/卷113" }, "ne-shiji114": { "title": "《史记》卷114·东越列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記/卷114" }, "ne-shiji116": { "title": "《史记》卷116·西南夷列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記/卷116" }, "ne-shiji123": { "title": "《史记》卷123·大宛列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記/卷123" }, "ne-hanshu96": { "title": "《汉书》卷96上·西域传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書/卷096上" }, "ne-houhan85": { "title": "《后汉书》卷85·东夷列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/後漢書/卷85" }, "ne-houhan87": { "title": "《后汉书》卷87·西羌传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/後漢書/卷87" }, "ne-houhan90": { "title": "《后汉书》卷90·乌桓鲜卑列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/後漢書/卷90" }, "ne-houhan89": { "title": "《后汉书》卷89·南匈奴列传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/後漢書/卷89" }, "ne-jin97": { "title": "《晋书》卷97·四夷传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/晉書/卷097" }, "ne-wei103": { "title": "《魏书》卷103·蠕蠕高车等传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/魏書/卷103" }, "ne-sui84": { "title": "《隋书》卷84·突厥铁勒等传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/隋書/卷84" }, "ne-tang194": { "title": "《旧唐书》卷194上·突厥传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/舊唐書/卷194上" }, "ne-tang194b": { "title": "《旧唐书》卷194下·西突厥传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/舊唐書/卷194下" }, "ne-tang195": { "title": "《旧唐书》卷195·回纥传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/舊唐書/卷195" }, "ne-tang196": { "title": "《旧唐书》卷196上·吐蕃传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/舊唐書/卷196上" }, "ne-tang197": { "title": "《旧唐书》卷197·南蛮西南蛮传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/舊唐書/卷197" }, "ne-tang198": { "title": "《旧唐书》卷198·西戎传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/舊唐書/卷198" }, "ne-tang199": { "title": "《旧唐书》卷199上·东夷传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/舊唐書/卷199上" }, "ne-tang199b": { "title": "《旧唐书》卷199下·北狄传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/舊唐書/卷199下" }, "ne-hanshu96b": { "title": "《汉书》卷96下·西域传", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書/卷096下" }, "nl-liao": { "title": "中国国家博物馆·契丹族的精美金银器", "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/yj/xscg/xslw/201812/t20181224_33225.shtml" }, "nl-xia": { "title": "故宫博物院·西夏金器研究", "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/Uploads/pdf/5079/T00048_00.pdf" }, "nl-jin": { "title": "中国国家博物馆·女真贵族的腰佩", "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/yj/xscg/xslw/201812/t20181224_33230.shtml" }, "nl-mongol": { "title": "国家民委·蒙古族历史沿革", "url": "https://www.neac.gov.cn/seac/ztzl/mgz/lsyg.shtml" }, "nl-genghis": { "title": "中国国家博物馆·成吉思汗像", "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/ysp/202012/t20201216_248518.shtml" }, "nl-uyghur": { "title": "国家民委·维吾尔族历史沿革", "url": "https://www.neac.gov.cn/seac/ztzl/wwez/lsyg.shtml" }, "nl-gaochang": { "title": "国家艺术基金资助项目·高昌故城", "url": "https://www.silkroadshow.cn/relics_42_show.html" }, "nl-dali": { "title": "云南省民族宗教事务委员会·段思平", "url": "https://mzzj.yn.gov.cn/html/2002/yunnanlishiminzurenwu_0101/8266.html" }, "nl-dali-years": { "title": "云南省民族宗教事务委员会·大理国古都调研", "url": "https://mzzj.yn.gov.cn/html/2012/minzongyaowen_0508/538.html" }, "nl-goryeo": { "title": "韩国学中央研究院·高丽", "url": "https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0003424" }, "nl-joseon": { "title": "韩国学中央研究院·朝鲜", "url": "https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0051904" }, "nl-empire": { "title": "韩国学中央研究院·大韩帝国", "url": "https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0015187" }, "nl-annex": { "title": "韩国学中央研究院·韩日合并", "url": "https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0061925" }, "nl-annam": { "title": "《明史》卷321·安南", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/明史/卷321" }, "nl-viet": { "title": "越南驻美国使馆·越南历史", "url": "https://en.vietnamembassy-usa.org/vietnam/history", "access": "search_index", "note": "本次正文抓取超时，检索摘要仅用于国家建置主线；不冒称逐条王年复核。" }, "nl-viet-ly": { "title": "《大越史记全书》本纪卷三·李纪", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/大越史記全書/本紀卷之三" }, "nl-burma": { "title": "云南大学朱振明·缅甸历史文化发展及中缅交往（中国社会科学网／人民网）", "url": "https://theory.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0911/c40531-29526336.html" }, "nl-ryukyu": { "title": "UNESCO·琉球王国城堡遗产评估", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/document/1076" }, "nl-khalkha": { "title": "故宫博物院·康熙皇帝纪年", "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/court/lineage/226256.html" }, "nl-dzungar": { "title": "中国国家博物馆·《平定准噶尔图》卷", "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/ysp/202012/t20201217_248571.shtml" }, "nl-tibet": { "title": "国家民委·藏族历史沿革", "url": "https://www.neac.gov.cn/seac/ztzl/201806/1066630.shtml" } }, "entries": [ { "id": "zhou-rong", "name": "西戎诸部", "ethnicity": "戎（历史泛称）", "kind": "group", "from": -1046, "to": -301, "point": [ 104, 36.3 ], "note": "周秦文献所见西方多个群体的概括，内部有不同君长；不是一个连续统一国家。显示范围取西周至战国前段，不表示此后族群消失。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-nmc", "ne-shiji110" ], "matchNames": [ "西戎" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "zhou-di", "name": "北狄诸部", "ethnicity": "狄（历史泛称）", "kind": "group", "from": -770, "to": -301, "point": [ 112, 40.4 ], "note": "春秋战国北方诸群，有赤狄、白狄等不同政治集团，不能全归为单一民族或国家。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji110" ], "matchNames": [ "北狄" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "zhou-yi", "name": "东夷诸部", "ethnicity": "夷（历史泛称）", "kind": "group", "from": -1046, "to": -771, "point": [ 120, 35.2 ], "note": "商周文献和青铜器语境中的东方诸群概括；与后世“东夷传”包含范围不相同，不直接等同某现代民族。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-nmc" ], "matchNames": [ "东夷" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "xiongnu-early", "name": "匈奴", "ethnicity": "匈奴", "kind": "confederation", "from": -300, "to": 47, "point": [ 109.5, 44.2 ], "note": "秦末应读为头曼时期的匈奴；冒顿前209年后才继位。此条不在图上倒填冒顿姓名。草原联盟内部多部族，范围随时代变动。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji110" ], "matchNames": [ "匈奴" ], "priority": 1 }, { "id": "donghu", "name": "东胡", "ethnicity": "东胡诸部", "kind": "confederation", "from": -300, "to": -210, "point": [ 119, 44.4 ], "note": "《史记》记秦末东胡强、月氏盛；与匈奴分列。显示截止前210是保守窗口，并非断言此年灭亡，东胡王败于冒顿后的具体年另有纪年讨论。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji110" ], "matchNames": [ "东胡" ], "priority": 1 }, { "id": "yuezhi-hexi", "name": "月氏", "ethnicity": "月氏", "kind": "confederation", "from": -300, "to": -177, "point": [ 98.4, 39.5 ], "note": "西迁前主要活动于河西一带。此标签不是后来大夏附近的大月氏，也不将秦时月氏提前放到中亚。显示终点用于避开随后西迁的年代争议。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji110", "ne-shiji123" ], "matchNames": [ "月氏" ], "priority": 1 }, { "id": "qiang-qinhan", "name": "羌诸部", "ethnicity": "羌（历史诸部）", "kind": "group", "from": -221, "to": 300, "point": [ 99.8, 35.3 ], "note": "河湟及邻近高地的诸羌群体；各部有自己的首领，不能当作统一“羌国”。区间为秦汉至魏晋的文献显示窗口。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji110", "ne-houhan87" ], "matchNames": [ "羌", "西羌" ], "priority": 1 }, { "id": "baiyue", "name": "百越诸部", "ethnicity": "越（诸群）", "kind": "group", "from": -403, "to": -111, "point": [ 109.2, 22 ], "note": "岭南及东南的多个越人群体的总称，不是一个“百越帝国”；部分位于秦汉行政或军事控制范围内，此标签不等于独立疆域。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji113", "ne-shiji114" ], "matchNames": [ "百越" ], "priority": 1 }, { "id": "goseon-before-wiman", "name": "古朝鲜", "ethnicity": "朝鲜诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": -300, "to": -195, "point": [ 125.2, 40.1 ], "note": "秦汉之际文献所见朝鲜政权的区域参照；不将箕子传说当作已证实的建国年代，也不把现代民族国界前移。与后来的卫满朝鲜分段。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji115" ], "matchNames": [ "朝鲜", "古朝鲜" ], "priority": 1 }, { "id": "wiman-joseon", "name": "卫满朝鲜", "ethnicity": "燕地移民＋当地诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": -194, "to": -108, "point": [ 125.7, 39.1 ], "note": "卫满出自燕地移民集团，统治范围与居民来源多元；汉灭右渠朝鲜后不继续沿用独立政权标签。王险城精确地望另有讨论。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji115" ], "matchNames": [ "卫满朝鲜", "朝鲜" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "nanyue", "name": "南越", "ethnicity": "中原移民＋越", "kind": "polity", "from": -203, "to": -111, "point": [ 113.2, 23 ], "note": "赵氏统治集团与岭南越人并存；主图已有南越色块时去重。前203为常用立国口径，具体称王过程并非一日完成。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji113" ], "matchNames": [ "南越", "南越（赵佗）" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "minyue", "name": "闽越", "ethnicity": "闽越", "kind": "polity", "from": -202, "to": -110, "point": [ 119, 26 ], "note": "以汉封无诸至汉武帝平东越为显示范围；不能把此前越人活动都等同于同一政权。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji114" ], "matchNames": [ "闽越", "东越" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "dian", "name": "滇", "ethnicity": "滇地诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": -200, "to": -109, "point": [ 102.8, 24.8 ], "note": "《史记》记滇王及其与汉的关系。前109受汉王印不等于滇人消失或王号立即废除，条目仅选择早期交涉前的显示窗口。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji116" ], "matchNames": [ "滇" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "wusun", "name": "乌孙", "ethnicity": "乌孙", "kind": "polity", "from": -138, "to": 220, "point": [ 80.5, 43 ], "note": "伊犁河谷与周边的乌孙政治集团；选汉代交涉材料的显示窗口，不将前138和220当作绝对建国、亡国年。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji123", "ne-hanshu96b" ], "matchNames": [ "乌孙" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "dayuezhi", "name": "大月氏", "ethnicity": "月氏", "kind": "confederation", "from": -128, "to": 100, "point": [ 68.8, 37.2 ], "note": "张骞所见已迁大夏附近的大月氏，与河西旧月氏分段；这里的锚点位于阿姆河上游区域，若视窗不含此处可以不显示。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji123" ], "matchNames": [ "大月氏" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "dayuan", "name": "大宛", "ethnicity": "费尔干纳绿洲诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": -130, "to": 100, "point": [ 71.5, 40.4 ], "note": "汉代文献所见费尔干纳绿洲国家；不强定为单一现代民族。区间为本图采用的汉代材料窗口。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-shiji123" ], "matchNames": [ "大宛" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "yutian", "name": "于阗", "ethnicity": "于阗绿洲诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": -60, "to": 220, "point": [ 79.9, 37.1 ], "note": "汉代绿洲王国。与都护、匈奴等关系有进退，标签不表示始终独立或始终由某一方直接控制。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-hanshu96" ], "matchNames": [ "于阗", "于闐" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "qiuci", "name": "龟兹", "ethnicity": "龟兹绿洲诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": -60, "to": 220, "point": [ 82.9, 41.7 ], "note": "汉代龟兹国的区域参照；不把现代维吾尔民族名称直接替代古代龟兹居民。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-hanshu96b" ], "matchNames": [ "龟兹", "龜茲" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "fuyu", "name": "夫余", "ethnicity": "夫余", "kind": "polity", "from": 25, "to": 346, "point": [ 126.4, 44 ], "note": "东汉至前燕攻夫余前的显示窗口；不是其全部存在年代，也不是把后世扶余一名均放在此处。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-houhan85", "ne-jin97" ], "matchNames": [ "夫余", "扶余" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "goguryeo", "name": "高句丽", "ethnicity": "高句丽", "kind": "polity", "from": 1, "to": 668, "point": [ 126.6, 41.4 ], "note": "以汉魏晋隋唐材料可连续追踪的政权为显示对象，起点仅为显示下限，不冒称公元1年建国。南北迁都和控制范围变化很大。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-houhan85", "ne-tang199" ], "matchNames": [ "高句丽", "高丽", "高句驪" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "wuhuan", "name": "乌桓诸部", "ethnicity": "乌桓", "kind": "confederation", "from": 25, "to": 207, "point": [ 118.8, 42 ], "note": "东汉东北边地诸部，不是统一中央集权国家；207后政治形势变化，此窗口不表示族群灭绝。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-houhan90" ], "matchNames": [ "乌桓" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "xianbei", "name": "鲜卑诸部", "ethnicity": "鲜卑", "kind": "confederation", "from": 25, "to": 235, "point": [ 114.5, 45.4 ], "note": "东汉鲜卑诸部与檀石槐时期的联合，不能和后来所有鲜卑王朝的疆域等同。235仅为早期材料窗口终点。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-houhan90" ], "matchNames": [ "鲜卑" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "north-xiongnu", "name": "北匈奴", "ethnicity": "匈奴", "kind": "confederation", "from": 48, "to": 91, "point": [ 103, 46 ], "note": "48年南北分立后北方匈奴势力；91年受重创后继续存在与西迁过程复杂，此条不把后续各地“匈奴”都放在同一锚点。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-houhan89" ], "matchNames": [ "北匈奴" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "tuyuhun", "name": "吐谷浑", "ethnicity": "鲜卑慕容系王室／多族群", "kind": "polity", "from": 317, "to": 663, "point": [ 97.7, 36.7 ], "note": "青海及周边的吐谷浑政权；王室源出慕容鲜卑，境内并非单一族群。663后仍有残部及唐境内王统，不用本锚点一概延续。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-jin97", "ne-tang198" ], "matchNames": [ "吐谷浑", "吐谷渾" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "rouran", "name": "柔然汗国", "ethnicity": "柔然联盟诸部", "kind": "confederation", "from": 402, "to": 552, "point": [ 105.5, 46.5 ], "note": "社仑称可汗后的草原联盟至突厥崛起的主要时期；统治集团与附属部众多元，不强定现代民族归属。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-wei103", "ne-sui84" ], "matchNames": [ "柔然", "蠕蠕" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "turk-unified", "name": "突厥汗国", "ethnicity": "突厥诸部", "kind": "confederation", "from": 552, "to": 582, "point": [ 96, 46 ], "note": "突厥兴起后至东西分立前的汗国概括；分裂不是单年全部完成，后续用东西分段标签。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-sui84" ], "matchNames": [ "突厥", "突厥汗国" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "east-turk", "name": "东突厥", "ethnicity": "突厥诸部", "kind": "confederation", "from": 583, "to": 630, "point": [ 108, 46.7 ], "note": "隋唐之际东部汗国；630唐俘颉利后不继续把这一汗国标签沿用到第二突厥时期。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-sui84", "ne-tang194" ], "matchNames": [ "东突厥", "突厥" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "west-turk", "name": "西突厥", "ethnicity": "突厥诸部", "kind": "confederation", "from": 583, "to": 657, "point": [ 76.2, 44 ], "note": "西部汗国及十姓诸部的区域概括；657以后余部与唐羁縻关系另有阶段，不能理解为全体突厥人消失。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-sui84", "ne-tang194b" ], "matchNames": [ "西突厥" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "second-turk", "name": "后突厥汗国", "ethnicity": "突厥诸部", "kind": "confederation", "from": 682, "to": 744, "point": [ 106.5, 47.2 ], "note": "骨咄禄复兴的第二突厥汗国；与630以前的东突厥分期，不能跨空白期直接当同一政权。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-tang194" ], "matchNames": [ "后突厥", "第二突厥", "突厥" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "uyghur-khaganate", "name": "回纥汗国", "ethnicity": "回纥／回鹘诸部", "kind": "confederation", "from": 744, "to": 840, "point": [ 102.8, 47.3 ], "note": "鄂尔浑河流域汗国；788前后名称由回纥改回鹘，统一显示并在详情注明。840后诸部西迁，不能仍留在此锚点。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-tang195" ], "matchNames": [ "回纥", "回鹘", "回纥汗国" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "tibet", "name": "吐蕃", "ethnicity": "吐蕃王室及高原诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": 629, "to": 842, "point": [ 91.1, 29.7 ], "note": "唐代吐蕃王朝的核心区域参照；王朝扩张远超锚点，842后地方分裂，不把整个高原作为一个统一政权续画。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。629为本表显示起点，不作王朝建国年的断言。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-tang196" ], "matchNames": [ "吐蕃" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "nanzhao", "name": "南诏", "ethnicity": "乌蛮、白蛮等历史群体", "kind": "polity", "from": 738, "to": 902, "point": [ 100.2, 25.6 ], "note": "以六诏统一后至郑氏代立为显示范围；不能把后世民族名录与南诏多族群社会直接一一对应。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-tang197" ], "matchNames": [ "南诏" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "silla", "name": "新罗", "ethnicity": "新罗人／半岛诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": 503, "to": 907, "point": [ 129.2, 35.8 ], "note": "取新罗正式国号后至本数据唐末上限；新罗实际延续至935，不将907当作亡国。503前也有前身政权。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-tang199" ], "matchNames": [ "新罗" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "baekje", "name": "百济", "ethnicity": "百济人／半岛诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": 200, "to": 660, "point": [ 126.9, 36.3 ], "note": "取汉魏以后可追踪交涉的显示窗口，200不是建国断言；660灭亡后复国运动另需细分。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-tang199" ], "matchNames": [ "百济" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "balhae", "name": "渤海", "ethnicity": "靺鞨为主／高句丽遗民等", "kind": "polity", "from": 698, "to": 907, "point": [ 129, 44.1 ], "note": "大祚荣政权最初国号及唐册封渤海在不同年份；698是政权形成的常用口径。实际延续至926，907只是本分表上限。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-tang199b" ], "matchNames": [ "渤海", "渤海国" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "khitan-early", "name": "契丹诸部", "ethnicity": "契丹", "kind": "confederation", "from": 500, "to": 907, "point": [ 119, 44 ], "note": "隋唐材料中的契丹诸部，不能提前标作辽朝；907及916的汗位、建国称帝另有不同节点。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-sui84", "ne-tang199b" ], "matchNames": [ "契丹" ], "priority": 2 }, { "id": "linyi", "name": "林邑", "ethnicity": "林邑诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": 192, "to": 757, "point": [ 107.3, 16.3 ], "note": "今越南中部一带的古国汉文称谓；不把所有时期占城及全部居民都直接称作同一种族。地理上若超出当前地图视窗可省略。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-jin97" ], "matchNames": [ "林邑" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "gaochang", "name": "高昌国", "ethnicity": "汉系王室／绿洲多族群", "kind": "polity", "from": 460, "to": 640, "point": [ 89.2, 42.9 ], "note": "麴氏等高昌王国阶段的概括；非“少数民族单一国家”，仅为邻近政权背景。640唐置西州后不继续以独立王国显示。 标签锚点只指大致活动地区，不是首都坐标或疆界。", "sourceIds": [ "ne-tang198" ], "matchNames": [ "高昌", "高昌国" ], "priority": 3 }, { "id": "late_liao", "name": "辽（契丹）", "ethnicity": "契丹", "kind": "polity", "from": 916, "to": 1125, "point": [ 120, 44 ], "note": "契丹王朝；不能把其辖境内全部居民都视为契丹。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-liao" ], "matchNames": [ "辽", "契丹" ] }, { "id": "late_xixia", "name": "西夏", "ethnicity": "党项", "kind": "polity", "from": 1038, "to": 1227, "point": [ 106, 39 ], "note": "李元昊称帝后的夏国；族群标签指王室与主要统治集团。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-xia" ], "matchNames": [ "西夏", "夏" ] }, { "id": "late_jin", "name": "金", "ethnicity": "女真", "kind": "polity", "from": 1115, "to": 1234, "point": [ 126, 45 ], "note": "完颜氏建立的金朝，族群标签不代表所有辖境人口。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-jin" ], "matchNames": [ "金", "女真" ] }, { "id": "late_mongol_tribes", "name": "蒙古诸部", "ethnicity": "蒙古及草原诸部", "kind": "group", "from": 1100, "to": 1205, "point": [ 111, 48 ], "note": "仅选12世纪的草原背景；此前后部落持续变化，不能画作一个统一国家。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-mongol" ], "matchNames": [ "蒙古诸部" ] }, { "id": "late_mongol_state", "name": "大蒙古国", "ethnicity": "蒙古", "kind": "polity", "from": 1206, "to": 1270, "point": [ 105, 48 ], "note": "1206统一后的汗国；本标签到元国号前停止，不代表整个蒙古帝国1271年消失。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-genghis" ], "matchNames": [ "蒙古", "大蒙古国", "元" ] }, { "id": "late_gaochang", "name": "高昌回鹘", "ethnicity": "回鹘等", "kind": "polity", "from": 900, "to": 1208, "point": [ 89.4, 43.7 ], "note": "本组从900年开始显示已建立的高昌回鹘；1209归附蒙古后仍有亦都护延续，不应把标签终点读成政权灭亡年。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-uyghur", "nl-gaochang" ], "matchNames": [ "高昌回鹘", "回鹘（高昌）", "高昌" ] }, { "id": "late_karakhan", "name": "喀喇汗", "ethnicity": "葛逻禄、样磨、回鹘等", "kind": "polity", "from": 960, "to": 1130, "point": [ 77, 42 ], "note": "采用10世纪中后期至12世纪初的独立阶段作为显示窗口；建国确年与双汗分治不可简化，1130不是断言统一灭国年。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-uyghur" ], "matchNames": [ "喀喇汗", "喀拉汗" ] }, { "id": "late_dali_early", "name": "大理", "ethnicity": "白族先民及滇西诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": 937, "to": 1093, "point": [ 100.1, 26.2 ], "note": "段氏大理；1094—1095高氏大中短暂中断单独留空，避免沿用段氏国家标签。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-dali", "nl-dali-years" ], "matchNames": [ "大理", "大理国" ] }, { "id": "late_dali_restored", "name": "大理", "ethnicity": "白族先民及滇西诸群", "kind": "polity", "from": 1096, "to": 1253, "point": [ 100.1, 26.2 ], "note": "后理段氏恢复后的阶段；采用1253蒙古攻克的通行年，未将此等同全部地方制度立即消失。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-dali-years" ], "matchNames": [ "大理", "大理国" ] }, { "id": "late_goryeo", "name": "高丽", "ethnicity": "高丽人（历史称谓）", "kind": "polity", "from": 918, "to": 1391, "point": [ 127, 38.6 ], "note": "王氏高丽；不是高句丽延续王朝，也不以今天民族边界替代其历史人口。1392年内更替，本组年切片从1392使用朝鲜。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-goryeo" ], "matchNames": [ "高丽" ] }, { "id": "late_joseon", "name": "朝鲜", "ethnicity": "朝鲜人（历史称谓）", "kind": "polity", "from": 1392, "to": 1896, "point": [ 127.8, 37.8 ], "note": "李氏朝鲜；1897年改国号为大韩帝国，年度标签采用该年后期称谓。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-joseon", "nl-empire" ], "matchNames": [ "朝鲜", "李氏朝鲜" ] }, { "id": "late_korean_empire", "name": "大韩帝国", "ethnicity": "朝鲜人（历史称谓）", "kind": "polity", "from": 1897, "to": 1909, "point": [ 127.8, 37.8 ], "note": "1897建帝国，1910被日本吞并；此显示窗口不延用到1911。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-empire", "nl-annex" ], "matchNames": [ "大韩帝国" ] }, { "id": "late_korea_colonial", "name": "朝鲜（日殖）", "ethnicity": "朝鲜半岛居民／日本殖民当局", "kind": "regional", "from": 1910, "to": 1911, "point": [ 127.8, 37.8 ], "note": "1910后为日本殖民统治；不是仍独立存在的朝鲜王国。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-annex" ], "matchNames": [ "朝鲜（日占）", "朝鲜（日殖）" ] }, { "id": "late_dai_viet_medieval", "name": "安南（大越）", "ethnicity": "越人／京族先民等", "kind": "polity", "from": 1054, "to": 1406, "point": [ 105.4, 20.5 ], "note": "大越国号语境与中国文献安南称谓并列；李、陈、胡政权相继，非一朝统治到底。1407后明设交趾布政司，不沿用此国家标签。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-viet-ly", "nl-annam" ], "matchNames": [ "安南", "大越" ] }, { "id": "late_dai_viet_late", "name": "安南（大越）", "ethnicity": "越人／京族先民等", "kind": "polity", "from": 1428, "to": 1801, "point": [ 105.4, 20.5 ], "note": "黎利恢复后的大越历史范围入口；其间存在莫氏、郑阮分治及西山，标签不是统一实际控制线。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-annam", "nl-viet" ], "matchNames": [ "安南", "大越" ] }, { "id": "late_ryukyu", "name": "琉球", "ethnicity": "琉球人", "kind": "polity", "from": 1429, "to": 1878, "point": [ 128.4, 26.3 ], "note": "1429三山统一后王国；1609后受萨摩控制仍维持王统，1879废藩置县前止。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-ryukyu" ], "matchNames": [ "琉球" ] }, { "id": "late_pagan", "name": "蒲甘", "ethnicity": "缅族为主，含孟等", "kind": "polity", "from": 1044, "to": 1287, "point": [ 95.1, 21.1 ], "note": "以阿奴律陀统一后的蒲甘阶段为显示范围，不将849建城传统混作本条起点；1287后进入分裂。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-burma" ], "matchNames": [ "蒲甘", "缅（蒲甘）" ] }, { "id": "late_toungoo", "name": "东吁", "ethnicity": "缅族统治集团，含孟、掸等", "kind": "polity", "from": 1531, "to": 1751, "point": [ 96.5, 20.1 ], "note": "采用1531王朝扩张至1752灭亡前的年度窗口；不是整个缅甸人口同属一族。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-burma" ], "matchNames": [ "东吁", "缅甸" ] }, { "id": "late_konbaung", "name": "贡榜", "ethnicity": "缅族统治集团，含多族群", "kind": "polity", "from": 1752, "to": 1885, "point": [ 95.6, 22.1 ], "note": "雍籍牙建立的贡榜王朝；1885英军攻占王都后结束，边界和控制范围历时改变。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-burma" ], "matchNames": [ "贡榜", "缅甸" ] }, { "id": "late_oirat", "name": "瓦剌诸部", "ethnicity": "卫拉特蒙古", "kind": "confederation", "from": 1409, "to": 1599, "point": [ 92, 47 ], "note": "以明1409册封及15—16世纪活动为显示窗口，终点不是族群消失或单一国家灭亡年。各部并非始终统一。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-mongol" ], "matchNames": [ "瓦剌", "瓦剌（蒙古）", "卫拉特" ] }, { "id": "late_khalkha", "name": "喀尔喀诸部", "ethnicity": "蒙古", "kind": "confederation", "from": 1570, "to": 1690, "point": [ 106, 48.2 ], "note": "取16世纪后期至1691多伦会盟前的近邻背景；多个汗部不能当作一位首领统治的整块国家。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-mongol", "nl-khalkha" ], "matchNames": [ "喀尔喀", "漠北蒙古" ] }, { "id": "late_dzungar", "name": "准噶尔", "ethnicity": "卫拉特蒙古", "kind": "polity", "from": 1680, "to": 1755, "point": [ 83.5, 46.1 ], "note": "只显示准噶尔强盛的17世纪末至1755阶段，不以1680作建国年；达瓦齐之后的战事仍延续。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-dzungar" ], "matchNames": [ "准噶尔", "准部" ] }, { "id": "late_tibetan_regions", "name": "吐蕃诸部", "ethnicity": "吐蕃／藏地诸群", "kind": "regional", "from": 900, "to": 1246, "point": [ 90.6, 31.5 ], "note": "吐蕃王朝解体后的地方势力背景，不表示整个高原仍有一个统一吐蕃国家；取蒙古介入前的展示阶段。 锚点只标大致活动地区，非确界、人口分布或首都测绘。", "sourceIds": [ "nl-tibet" ], "matchNames": [ "吐蕃诸部", "吐蕃（分裂）" ] } ] }